Online attendance Android application

Online attendance Android application

statistics in India was initiated at NIEPA during 1995 with financial assistance from UNICEF. The project was to examine issues related to identification of data needs, processes and procedures for data collection, developing a framework for data flows and computerization, and facilitating the use of educational indicators in planning, management, monitoring and evaluation.

In tune with the spirit of the DPEP, district was selected as a nodal point for collection, computerization, analysis and use of school level data.

The first version (dbase) ofCoverage & Type of Data

Total 604 districts across 35 States and UTs have been covered under DISE during 2005-06.

Information on the following key variables have been made available over a period of time at school, cluster, block, district, state and National levels.

Data on number of blocks, CRC’s, villages and schools in case of all the States.

Key data on elementary education in terms of the number of schools, enrolment, and teachers, classified by school category and school management (also in respect of a few variables in case of rural/urban areas).

Grade-wise and level-wise enrolment in each State.

Examination results for the previous academic session for the terminal classes at primary and upper primary levels of education.

Classrooms, categorized into good condition, requiring minor and major repairs by school category.

Number of schools by category and by type of buildings.

Sex-wise enrolment of children with disabilities at primary and upper primary levels.

Gender and caste distribution of regular and para-teachers and the proportion of teachers undergoing in-service teacher training during the pervious year.

Distribution of regular and para-teachers by educational and professional qualifications and by school category.

Enrolment by medium of instruction and by school category.

Sex-wise number of students benefited by various incentive schemes at primary and upper primary levels.

Performance indicators in terms of school category; ratio of primary to upper primary schools/sections; enrolment distribution: total, 

Evolving DISE: Strengthening of EMIS in India

For successful implementation of any educational programme, effective monitoring, coupled with efficient information system, is essential. While monitoring framework under SSA is developed separately, concerted efforts have been made towards strengthening of Educational Management Information System (EMIS) in India.

Indian education system is one of the largest education systems in the World; it caters to the needs of more than 1,028 million people. Keeping in view its size, the information system has the following limitations: (i) multiple data collection agencies; (ii) multiple directorates involved in data collection and lack of coordination among them; (iii) lack of understanding of the concept and definitions of educational statistics; (iv) lack of adequate staff at different levels; (v) lack of qualified and trained staff, specially at the lower levels; (vi) problems in distribution and collection of data-capture formats; (vii) lack of district-specific time series data; (viii) time-lag in data; (ix) reliability of education data; (x) data gaps; (xi) lack of equipments (computers) at lower levels; (xii) creation of new districts and changes in boundaries of the existing districts; (xiii) poor dissemination and utilization of data; and (xiv) lack of accountability at all levels.

Notwithstanding the above limitations, the school statistics form the basis of planning, monitoring and evaluation of various aspects of education, in general, and primary and elementary education, in particular.

At the time of initiating District Primary Education Programme (DPEP) in 1994, it was felt that a sound information system is essential for successful monitoring and implementation of the programme. It was expressed that DPEP, with a focus on decentralized planning, required up-to-date and reliable school level information soon after it was collected. The MHRD in 1994, as a part of the DPEP national endeavour, decided to design and develop a school based computerized information system, the main responsibility for which was entrusted to National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration (NIEPA), New Delhi.

In this background, a pilot project for revitalization of educational statistics in India was initiated at NIEPA during 1995 with financial assistance from UNICEF. The project was to examine issues related to identification of data needs, processes and procedures for data collection, developing a framework for data flows and computerization, and facilitating the use of educational indicators in planning, management, monitoring and evaluation.

In tune with the spirit of the DPEP, district was selected as a nodal point for collection, computerization, analysis and use of school level data.

The first version (dbase) of the software, named as ‘District Information System for Education’ (DISE) was released by NIEPA during the middle of 1995. The district level professionals were assisted and trained in the establishment of EMIS units. The first major review of the DISE software was undertaken during 1997- 98 (PowerBuilder/SQL Anywhere). The software was later redesigned in 2001 in the light of requirements of the SSA (PowerBuilder/Oracle). Not only the coverage of DISE was extended to non-DPEP states but it was also extended from primary to the entire elementary level of education. DISE is under revision and the revised version will have the following additional variables:

Schools by Type of Boundary Wall,

Schools by Source of Drinking Water

Furniture for Teachers and Students and Availability of Kitchen Shed in the School

Enrolment by Minority 

Distribution of Children by Multiple Disabilities

Examination Results of SC and ST Students etc.

Efforts are being made to develop DISE as a complete user friendly menu-driven software. Some of the features that are being incorporated in the modified software are:

Complete flexibility will be provided to users to add ‘n’ number of state and district-specific supplementary variables in the Data-Capture Format and generate reports at all desired levels;

To improve the consistency of data, efforts are being made to highlight schools that reported inconsistent data;

Export data to popular formats such as Excel, Text etc. will be made available;

Users will be able to make data entry at Block level and then merge the data into single district level database by using the new improved DISE2001 Export Utility etc.

DISE 2001: Main Features 

The main features of DISE 2001 are briefly presented below:

The system covers eight years of schooling in all primary, upper primary and primary/upper primary sections of the secondary and higher secondary schools.

The concept and definitions of educational variables involved therein have been standardized at the national level and are uniformally followed by all districts and states.

Manual aggregation of data at different levels is completely replaced by computerized data entry and report generation system.

It provides time-series data at school, village, cluster, block and district levels.

The system defines core data on school location, management, rural urban, enrolment, buildings, equipment, teachers, incentives, medium of instruction, children with disabilities, examination results and student flows.

Detailed data on individual teachers, para-teachers and community teachers and their profile, including data on in-service training received, is collected and made available.

It eliminates the chances of data manipulation at various levels. The school remains responsible for correctness of the data supplied. States need to ensure correctness of the data supplied on five per cent sample basis.

The states/districts have flexibility of adding supplementary variables depending upon their specific requirements on year-to-year basis. No additional software for computerization and analysis of state/district specific data is required.

The states/districts can develop their own large database using ‘designer’ module and integrate a variety of school/cluster/block level data with it. The software handles multiple databases at various levels and provides tools of data analysis and presentation.

A large number of standardized reports on school related variables and performance indicators 

the software, named as ‘District Information System for Education’ (DISE) was released by NIEPA during the middle of 1995. The district level professionals were assisted and trained in the establishment of EMIS units. The first major review of the DISE software was undertaken during 1997- 98 (PowerBuilder/SQL Anywhere). The software was later redesigned in 2001 in the light of requirements of the SSA (PowerBuilder/Oracle). Not only the coverage of DISE was extended to non-DPEP states but it was also extended from primary to the entire elementary level of education. DISE is under revision and the revised version will have the following additional variables:

Schools by Type of Boundary Wall,

Schools by Source of Drinking Water

Furniture for Teachers and Students and Availability of Kitchen Shed in the School

Enrolment by Minority 

Distribution of Children by Multiple Disabilities

Examination Results of SC and ST Students etc.

Efforts are being made to develop DISE as a complete user friendly menu-driven software. Some of the features that are being incorporated in the modified software are:

Complete flexibility will be provided to users to add ‘n’ number of state and district-specific supplementary variables in the Data-Capture Format and 

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